| Letters to the Editor: |
|
D. Alexieva, D. Uzova
XXXIX National Chemistry Olympiad - 2007, Regional Round, Sliven -7th Grade | 419 |
|
|
| Curriculum Matters: |
|
V. Naydenova
On the Yearly Science Education in Bulgaria | 424 |
|
|
| Interdiscipinary: |
|
P. Galcheva, K. Vachkov
Towards the Formation of Ecological Consciousness | 432 |
|
|
| Problems: |
|
R. Djingova, G. Pekov, D. Tasheva, P. Tsanova, H. Chanev
2007' Chemistry Entrance Exam in the University of Sofia | 439 |
|
|
| History and Philosophy of Chemistry: |
|
A.F. Jalbout, B. Trzaskowski
The Origin of the Exact Energy Expressions in Density Functional Theory | 453 |
|
|
| Reviews: |
|
V. Simeonov
How Much Is Chemistry Interesting for Philosophy and... Vice Versa: Review of a Book by M. Igov, 2007 | 466 |
|
|
| Archives: |
|
B.V. Toshev
A Generous Gift in Favour of Sofia University (Evlogi Georgiev - Ferdinand - Konstantin Velichkov) | 469 |
|
|
| 42nd National Conference of the Bulgarian Teachers in Chemistry: |
|
B.V. Toshev
The Successful Teacher: Historical Review with Some Practical RecommendationsFull text: PDF (156 K) | 473 |
Z. Yankova, G. Kantardjieva, T. Nikolova
Social Skills by Chemistry Learning | 482 |
L. Genkova.
Quality of Chemistry Education by a Competence Approach | 489 |
V. Naydenova
Professional Training of the Contemporary Teachers and Quality of Chemistry Teaching and Learning | 508 |
B.V. Toshev
The School Subject 'Chemistry and Gas Defence' and Its Modern ProjectionsFull text: PDF (1123 K) | 519 |
W.P. Palmer
Dissent at the University of Iowa: Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs - Chemist and PolymathFull text: PDF (202 K) | 534 |
M. Igov
Initial Conceptions Concerning the Genesis of the Properties of Chemical Compounds | 554 |
I. Dukov
Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry - IUPAC Recommendations 2005 | 561 |
S. Moulay
Therapeutic, Tinting, and Taste-related Molecules: Other Facets of SerendipityFull text: PDF (515 K) | 569 |
O. Motamedi, A.R. Firooz, A. Semnani
Interaction between Bromine with Tetrapropylammonium Bromide and Tetramethyl-tetraaza-14-crown-4 in Dichlormethane Solutions | 596 |
|
|
Khimiya, Volume 16, Issue 6
(2007) Khimiya. 16, 424- (2007) Author(s): V. Naydenova: Abstract.The importance of the introduction both of preliminary notions on man, nature and nature protection in preschool age and a special school subject on those topics in the early school age is emphasized. The latter is the school discipline “Man and Nature” which should be designed in an accessible, balanced and integrated manner. However, the success of this new feature of the Bulgarian education could be realized if adequate study documentation, textbooks and other didactic materials are provided. Additionally, new system of teachers training should be elaborated and introduced.
Keywords: early science education, integral approach, teachers trainingtop
Khimiya. 16, 432- (2007) Author(s): P. Galcheva, K. Vachkov: Abstract.The fragmentation of the school disciplines does not allow the formation of generalized concepts about nature and environmental protection. The ecological problems are rather complicated and their solution can be done by making use of complex methods and teaching instruments. An effective way seems to be the attempt to embrace in proper manner information from chemistry, physics, biology and geography. The paper shares a good practice in this line.
Keywords: interdisciplinary, ecology, integral approach in teaching, environmental educationtop
Khimiya. 16, 439-0 (2007) Author(s): R. Djingova, G. Pekov, D. Tasheva, P. Tsanova, H. Chanev: Abstract.The 2007 Chemistry Entrance Exam in Sofia University was held in two independent parts of equal worth. Each one consists of 20 test questions and 4 logical problems different for both parts. Going on for both parts is not compulsory – each one is ranked separately and the final mark is the best one. In the present paper the first part of the exam - whole test questions and problems, their answers and solutions, ranking of solutions and marking of final score, is pre-sented.
Keywords: entrance exam in chemistry, test questions, logical problems, solutionstop
Khimiya. 16, 453-0 (2007) Author(s): A.F. Jalbout, B. Trzaskowski: Abstract.A general review of the importance of the Thomas-Fermi model in relation to Density Functional Theory (DFT) is presented. The origin of this model, its modifications, implementations and importance in the correct evaluation of energies obtained at the DFT level are discussed and examples with applications of basic equations are provided.
Keywords: Thomas-Fermi model, DFT, exact energy expressionstop
Khimiya. 16, 473-0 (2007) Author(s): B.V. Toshev: Abstract.‘Such as the teacher, such the students, such the school’ – this is an old dictum with an importance today. Who is the successful teacher? – The historical review gives the answer. Both Bulgarian and foreign educational traditions are taken into account. However the new times put new requirements. A practical guide for teacher behavior in the classroom is presented. Its origin is in Prussia (1889) and later (1896) it was adapted for use in the Bulgarian school as well.
Keywords: successful teacher, Bulgarian teacher tradition, foreign teacher tradition, comparative study, practical recommendations for teacherstop
Khimiya. 16, 482-0 (2007) Author(s): Z. Yankova, G. Kantardjieva, T. Nikolova: Abstract.The school should provide social skills of the students. For this aim interactive methods of learning/teaching are proper to be applied. The students participate actively in the teaching process avoiding the passive acceptance of somebody else’s ideas and rules. The principle must be: “Someone showed it me and I found out it myself”. Chemistry teaching/learning seems to be appropriate for pursuing such line of education. A variety of examples are given. In this manner the motivation of the pupils to study chemistry increases.
Keywords: social skills, interactive learning, students motivation, quality assurance in educationtop
Khimiya. 16, 489-0 (2007) Author(s): L. Genkova.: Abstract.The modern concepts and strategies for high-grade, continous and open education are considered. Such education can be achieved by making use of the competence approach. The main featers of that approach are listed and explained. A typology of the different kind of competencies is proposed. A critical review of the present legislation of the Bulgarian chemistry education is given. Recommendations for improving the quality assurance of the chemistry education in Bulgaria are given at the end of the present paper.
Keywords: education for all, competence approach, quality assurance in education, new forms of learning, interactive learning, chemistry educationtop
Khimiya. 16, 508-0 (2007) Author(s): V. Naydenova: Abstract.The quality of teaching is of a great importance in the contemporary school. There exists a close relationship between the quality of learning and the professional competence of the teacher especially when the interest of youth to science decreases dramatically. In the present paper the particularities of this relationship are considered in detail.
Keywords: quality of education, teacher training, teacher competencytop
Khimiya. 16, 519- (2007) Author(s): B.V. Toshev: Abstract.The environmental pollution is a result of the creative activity of the mankind. That’s why chemistry in the Bulgarian school is named now as ‘Chemistry and Environmental Protection’. However, chemical pollution could be a result of the destructive activities of the human-beings during wars. That’s why before WWII there was in Bulgaria a school subject ‘Chemistry and Gas Defense’. Both the structure and realization in class of that school discipline are considered in the present paper. Parallels with the present school discipline ‘Chemistry and Environmental Protection’ are sought. The study is based on two main books: ‘Chemistry and Gas Defense’ by I. Galabov (1938) and ‘Methods of Teaching Chemistry’ by V. Ognianov and K. Ilieff (1940). The latter book is based on the so called ‘educational research method’ which shows some common features with the contemporary theory and practice of constructivism.
Keywords: chemistry and environment, chemistry and gas defence, chemistry education, chemistry texbooks, chemistry education manuals, educational research method, constructivismtop
Khimiya. 16, 534- (2007) Author(s): W.P. Palmer: Abstract.Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs was born in 1836, moved from his province in Denmark (now Germany), where there was a civil war, to the United States. He settled in Davenport, Iowa, in 1861 with his family. He had a long life and his story is replete with both success and failure. He worked from 1863 at the University of Iowa for twenty five years building up a science laboratory with an international reputation. A new university administration slashed his budget in order to concentrate on the ‘classics’. The series of disagreements resulting from this action eventually led to Hinrichs’ dismissal from the university. His research led him to be amongst those working on a periodic arrangement of the chemical elements like Mendeleev, though his reasoning was somewhat eccentric. He wrote many books and numerous academic papers; he also was amongst the earliest teachers to create physics and chemistry laboratory manuals for his students. He worked in other areas of science apart from chemistry, including astronomy, crystallography, geology and meteorology. He originated the name ‘derechos’ as a term for wind-damage events caused by straight-line winds. Hinrichs was also was a strong advocate of practical science in schools and universities. He remained active in scientific research until his death in 1923.
Keywords: Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs, University of Iowa, chemical arrangement of chemical elements, physics and chemistry manuals, derechostop
Khimiya. 16, 554- (2007) Author(s): M. Igov: Abstract.History of science studies show that problems of composition and properties of substances were analyzed on the base of three conceptions. These conceptions existed in the earliest (alchemical) period of development of chemistry during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The first systematizations of substances according to their composition and properties were realized in the trend of the “elementarist” traditions of the preformation conception.
Keywords: history of science, alchemy, substances, properties, compounds, atoms, elementstop
Khimiya. 16, 561- (2007) Author(s): I. Dukov: Abstract.A representation of the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005 is made. The three proposed nomenclature systems (compositional, substitutive and additive) are examined. They are illustrated by proper examples.
Keywords: Nomenclature of inorganic compounds, IUPAC, compositional nomenclature, substitutive nomenclature, additive nomenclaturetop
Khimiya. 16, 569- (2007) Author(s): S. Moulay: Abstract.Serendipity has undeniably become an intrinsic factor in performing research. It may knock, pop up or ring at any moment, and the scientist is ready to hear it and to pounce on a surprise. While experimenting, the researcher in chemistry wishes the serendipity will manifest, bringing about an unmet novelty. Fortuitous findings have provided the human society a wide range of valuable chemical items with prominent properties. Therapeutic compounds such as quinine, penicillin, aspirin, and insulin, whose properties were come across, retain their unshakable supremacy within the human community. Prussian blue and most leading dyes such as mauveine, alizarin, indigo, and phthalocyanine were merely the results of accident. Some taste-related molecules, sweet and bitter ones, were the products of unplanned projects. Our today’s world civilization is partly indebted to the serendipity and its propitious occurrence.
Keywords: serendipity in research, medicines, dyes, taste-related molecules
top
Khimiya. 16, 596- (2007) Author(s): O. Motamedi, A.R. Firooz, A. Semnani: Abstract.. Complexation of bromine with tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) and macrocycle tetramethyl–tetraaza–14–crown–4 (TMTA14C4) has been studied spectrophotometrically in dichloromethane solution. The stoichiometry of complexes has been obtained by mole ratio and Job methods. Based on the obtained stoichiometry adducts are formulated as TPA+Br3- and (TMTA14C4)2 Br+Br3-. The stability constants of the resulting complexes have been obtained by computer fitting of the absorbance – mole ratio data in MATLAB program. The log Kf values are calculated as 5.7±0.1 for the formation of TPABr3 and 4.60±0.1 for the formation of the (TMTA14C4)2 Br+Br3-. The reason of higher stability of the former than that of latter is discussed based on the electrostatic effects of N+ and Br+ on donating ability of Br- . Solid complexes are isolated and the effects of complexation on absorption bands are discussed.
Keywords: TMTA14C4, bromine, spectrophotometry, dichloromethane, crown ethers
top
|
